Source : https://www.business2community.com/

Tata Group (/ˈtɑːtɑː/) is a multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Founded in 1868 by Jamsetji Tata, the company gained international recognition after acquiring several global companies. Tata Group is the largest conglomerate in India, offering products and services in over 150 countries and operating in 100 countries. Each company within the Tata Group operates independently under the guidance and supervision of its own board of directors and shareholders.

Major affiliates of Tata Group include Tata Chemicals, Tata Communications, Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Consumer Products, Tata Elxsi, Tata Motors, Tata Power, Tata Steel, Jamshedpur FC, Tanishq, Voltas, Tata Cliq, Tata Projects Limited, Tata Capital, Titan, Trent, Indian Hotels Company Limited, TajAir, Vistara, Croma, and Tata Starbucks. As you see it has many affiliates today. Are you wondering how the company became so large? If so, let's get to know more about Tata Group's history.

A Summary of the History of Tata Group

1868–1904

At the age of 29, Jamsetji Tata worked at his father's company. In 1870, with a capital of Rs. 21,000, he founded a trading company. He then purchased a bankrupt oil refinery in Chinchpokli and converted it into a cotton factory named Alexandra Mill, which he sold two years later. In 1874, he established a cotton factory in Nagpur called Empress Mill. He then set his sights on establishing four things: a steel and iron company, a unique hotel, a world-class educational institution, and a hydroelectric power plant. In 1903, he officially opened the Taj Mahal Hotel in Colaba, which was the first hotel in India to be equipped with electricity.

1904–1938

"After Jamsetji Tata passed away, his eldest son, Dorabji Tata, became the group's chairman in 1904. Sir Dorabji founded the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO), which became Tata Steel in 1907. Tata Limited then opened its first office outside India, in London. The group also ran the first hydroelectric power plant in Western India, creating Tata Power. They founded the Indian Institute of Science, which started accepting students in 1911."

1938–1991

J. R. D. Tata became chairman of the Tata Group in 1938. Under his leadership, Tata Group's assets grew from US$101 million to over US$5 billion. Starting with only 14 companies, Tata Sons had 95 companies by the time he retired in 1988. The group expanded into chemicals, technology, cosmetics, marketing, engineering, manufacturing, tea, and software services.

In 1952, JRD started an airline called Tata Air Services, later renamed Tata Airlines. In 1953, the Indian government bought most of the shares in Tata Airlines, but JRD Tata stayed as chairman until 1977.

In 1945, Tata Motors was founded and initially made locomotives. In 1954, Tata Motors began making commercial vehicles with Daimler-Benz. In 1968, Tata Consultancy Services was established."

1991–present

"In 1991, Ratan Tata became chairman of the Tata Group. That year, India began opening up its economy, so the Tata Group had to prepare for competition from other countries. During this time, the group bought several companies, including Tetley in 2000, Corus Group in 2007, and Jaguar and Land Rover in 2008. In 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was officially appointed as the new chairman of the Tata Group."

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